GarsGuide to HTML

GarsGuide to Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). Describes the main features and syntax of HTML. Guides you to the resources you need to create web pages using HTML.


HTML Introductions

Resources that give an introduction or overview of HTML.

HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML

Brief introduction and overview of HTML from the Mozilla Developer Network (MDN).

HTML basics
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/Getting_started_with_the_web/HTML_basics

Introduction to basic HTML syntax and coding from Mozilla Developer Network (MDN).

HTML Introduction
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/html-introduction/

Introduction to HTML. Describes HTML and gives a quick overview of its main features.

HTML Introduction
https://www.w3schools.com/html/html_intro.asp

Introduction to HTML from W3Schools, part of their HTML tutorial.

Overview of HTML
https://web.dev/learn/html/overview/

Brief introduction to HTML. Covers each of the key HTML concepts with diagrams and explanations.

HTML Cheat Sheets

Quick reference guides to the main features and characteristics of HTML.

HTML 5 Cheat Sheet
https://makeawebsitehub.com/the-html-5-mega-cheat-sheet/

HTML cheat sheet summarizing HTML 5, HTML 4, older versions of HTML, and the differences between them. Also discusses HTML 5 browser support, event handler content attributes, and canvas constructs.

HTML Cheat Sheet
https://overapi.com/html

HTML 4 cheat sheet showing tags grouped by category, commonly used attributes, events, and entities. Has an extensive list of HTTP status messages.

HTML CheatSheet
https://htmlcheatsheet.com/

Interactive cheat sheet from HTML CSS JS. This cheat sheet allows you to test your HTML and CSS code right on the page.

HTML Cheat Sheet
https://websitesetup.org/html5-cheat-sheet/

HTML cheat sheets covering HTML 4 and 5. Can be downloaded in various formats including PDF and PNG.

HTML Reference Guides

Resources that organize and document HTML features and syntax via explanations, charts, and tables.

HTML Living Standard
https://html.spec.whatwg.org/

Official HTML 5 specification from WHATWG - The Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group. This document defines the official syntax and semantics of the latest version of HTML 5.

HTML 4.01 Specification
https://www.w3.org/TR/html4/

This is the last official HTML 4 specification I could find. Published by W3C, the World Wide Web Consortium, this specification defines HTML 4.01. Although superseded by HTML 5, this specification may be useful for understanding websites that predate HTML 5.

HTML Reference
https://www.w3schools.com/tags/default.asp

HTML 5 reference guide from W3Schools. The opening page displays a list of all HTML 4 and 5 tags in alphabetical order. Also includes pages explaining other major HTML language features.

HTML reference
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference

Mozilla Developer Network (MDN) reference guide describing all elements, attributes, and global attributes of HTML.

HTML Tutorials

Step by step guides to the features and syntax of HTML.

Tutorials
https://www.w3.org/MarkUp/#tutorials

List of links to tutorials on various subtopics of HTML and XHTML provided by the W3C Working Group.

HTML Tutorial
https://www.w3schools.com/html/default.asp

HTML tutorial from W3Schools. Has chapters covering most aspects of HTML5.

HTML Tutorials
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Tutorials#html_tutorials

HTML tutorials from the Mozilla Development Network. Includes links to introductory, intermediate, and advanced tutorials, as well as additional resources.

HTML Tutorial
https://www.tutorialrepublic.com/html-tutorial/

HTML tutorial from Tutorial Republic. Covers basic and advanced HTML. Includes explanations and tables exploring additional topics.

HTML Tools

Software tools (or collections of tools) to help you read, understand, and write HTML code and web pages.

Validators and tools
https://www.w3.org/developers/tools/

Tools from the W3C to check and validate your web pages. These tools can evaluate your code, hyperlinks, internationalization friendliness, or other aspects of your web pages.

Can I use
https://caniuse.com/?cats=HTML5&statuses=all

This tool provides browser support information showing which HTML features work on which desktop and mobile web browsers.

Try out some of Our Tools
https://www.w3docs.com/tool/

Collection of tools from W3docs. Tools include a password generator, HTML editor, HTML encoder, CSS maker, color tools, base 64 converter, and more.

HTML Elements

Resources that define, list, or explain how to use HTML elements.

Elements
https://html.spec.whatwg.org/#elements-3

Table of HTML elements from the WHATWG HTML Living Standard. It shows the element name along with various characteristics of the element. The element name and some of the other values are links to more detailed information. This table only includes elements that are supported by the HTML 5 specification.

HTML elements reference
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element

Web page from the Mozilla Developer Network (MDN) listing all HTML elements grouped by function. Each element name is a link to a detailed description of that element.

HTML Element Reference
https://www.w3schools.com/tags/default.asp

List of HTML elements provided by W3Schools showing the element name and a description of the element. Each element name is a link to a more detailed description.

HTML Elements
https://www.w3schools.com/html/html_elements.asp

Tutorial from W3Schools explaining how to use HTML elements, part of the larger W3Schools HTML 5 tutorial. This tutorial shows the structure of an element, describes how elements are nested, and gives several examples of how to use elements.

HTML Attributes

Resources that define, list, or explain how to use HTML attributes and global attributes, not including event attributes.

Attributes
https://html.spec.whatwg.org/#attributes-3

Table of HTML attributes from the WHATWG HTML Living Standard. It shows the attribute name, element(s) the attribute applies to, attribute description, and values this attribute can take. This table only includes attributes that are supported by the HTML 5 specification.

HTML attribute reference
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes

List of HTML attributes in alphabetical order by attribute name from the Mozilla Developer Network (MDN). Each attribute name is a link to a detailed description of that attribute.

HTML Attribute Reference
https://www.w3schools.com/tags/ref_attributes.asp

List of HTML attributes provided by W3Schools showing the attributes in alphabetical order by attribute name. Also shows the element(s) the attribute can be used on. Each attribute name is a link to a more detailed description of the attribute. Each element name is also a link to a detailed description of that element.

HTML Attributes
https://www.w3schools.com/html/html_attributes.asp

Attributes tutorial from W3Schools, part of the larger W3Schools HTML 5 tutorial. Describes HTML attributes, illustrating their use with examples.

Global attributes
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes

List of HTML global attributes from the Mozilla Developer Network (MDN). Each global attribute name is a link to a more detailed description of that attribute. The attributes are listed in alphabetical order by attribute name.

HTML Global Attributes
https://www.w3schools.com/tags/ref_standardattributes.asp

List of HTML global attributes, part of the larger W3Schools HTML 5 reference guide. The list shows the attribute name and a description of the attribute. Each attribute name is a link to a more detailed description of that attribute.

HTML Event Attributes

Resources that define, list, or explain how to use HTML events (event handler content attributes).

List of event handler content attributes
https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/indices.html#ix-event-handlers

Table of HTML event handler content attributes from the WHATWG HTML Living Standard. It shows the attribute name, element(s) the attribute can be used on, attribute description, and values this attribute can take.

HTML Event Attributes
https://www.w3schools.com/tags/ref_eventattributes.asp

List of HTML event handler content attributes, part of the larger W3Schools HTML 5 reference guide. The list shows the attribute name, the value the attribute can take, and a brief description of the attribute. Each attribute name is a link to a more detailed description of that attribute.

Introduction to events
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Building_blocks/Events

Explanation of event handler attributes from the Mozilla Developer Network (MDN). Here, MDN explains when, how, and whether to use HTML event handler attributes.

HTML Entities

Resources that list or explain how to use HTML entities (names or numbers that represent characters).

HTML Entity List
https://www.freeformatter.com/html-entities.html

This page contains multiple tables of HTML entities showing the character appearance, entity name, entity number and description.

Named character references
https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/named-characters.html#named-character-references

List of character reference names (entities) supported by HTML. The list shows the entity name, Unicode value, and an image of the glyph. The image can be enlarged by hovering over the glyph. The entities are displayed in entity name order, in three parallel columns.

XML Entity Definitions for Characters (3rd Edition)
https://www.w3.org/2003/entities/2007doc/

Working draft from W3C defining sets of names of character entities. Each set name is a link to a separate table showing details about each entity in the set. Following these are appendices with additional tables of entity information.

Characters Ordered by Unicode
https://www.w3.org/2003/entities/2007doc/bycodes.html

Editor's draft from W3C showing character entities in Unicode value order. It shows the Unicode value, Unicode formal name, and a list of all entity names assigned to this character. The Unicode value is a link to the character image.

Characters Ordered by Entity Name
https://www.w3.org/2003/entities/2007doc/byalpha.html

Editor's draft from W3C showing character entities in Unicode name order. It shows the entity name, entity set, entity description, Unicode value, and Unicode formal name. The Unicode value is a link to the character image.

HTML Entities
https://www.w3schools.com/html/html_entities.asp

Tutorial from W3Schools describing HTML entities and how to use them, part of the larger W3Schools HTML 5 tutorial. This tutorial includes a table of common HTML entities, and also has a table explaining how to add diacritical marks to a letter.

HTML Related Information

Supplemental information and additional resources related to HTML.

Date and time formats used in HTML
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Date_and_time_formats

Explanation of date and time formats used in HTML from the Mozilla Developers Network (MDN). Includes tables of examples to illustrate the date and time formats.

Media Types
https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml

Complete list of internet media types provided by IANA, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority. These media types (formerly known as MIME types) are the values that must be specified for the 'type' attribute in certain HTML elements.

IANA Language Subtag Registry
https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry

Complete list of 2-letter language codes provided by IANA, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority. This list displays the language code, language description, date added, and supplementary information when necessary.

Language tags in HTML and XML
https://www.w3.org/International/articles/language-tags/index.en

Explanation and additional information about IANA language tags.

HTML Language Code Reference
https://www.w3schools.com/tags/ref_language_codes.asp

List of ISO 639-1 Language Codes from W3Schools. This table shows the Language Name and ISO Code for languages to be used as the values for the lang attribute of the < HTML > tag.

HTML ISO Country Codes Reference
https://www.w3schools.com/tags/ref_country_codes.asp

Table of ISO Country Codes provided by W3Schools. This table shows the Country Name and ISO Code for countries to be used as the second part of values for the lang attribute of the < HTML > tag.

HTTP Status Messages
https://www.w3schools.com/tags/ref_httpmessages.asp

Table of HTTP status messages provided by W3Schools. These are messages that might be returned when an error occurs. This table shows the message text followed by a description of the message.

HTTP Request Methods
https://www.w3schools.com/tags/ref_httpmethods.asp

Explanation of HTTP Request Methods from W3Schools. Contains an embedded table comparing GET and POST.

HTML Color Names
https://www.w3schools.com/colors/colors_names.asp

Chart of the 140 color names supported by all modern browsers. This chart shows the color appearance, color name, and hex RGB value for each of these colors. Click on the name of the color to work with shades and mixes of that color.

HTML Character Sets
https://www.w3schools.com/charsets/default.asp

Explanation of the HTML character sets by W3Schools. The following character sets are described on this page: ASCII, Windows-1252, ISO-8859-1, and Unicode UTF-8.

HTML < !DOCTYPE >
https://www.w3schools.com/tags/ref_html_dtd.asp

Chart from W3Schools showing which HTML elements are valid with which HTML document types.

ASCII table , ascii codes
https://theasciicode.com.ar/

Table showing ASCII codes, printable characters, and extended ASCII characters.